The history of Islamic sciences is complex and dates back to the early days of Islam, the so-called Golden Age, in the second half of the 8th and the 9th centuries CE. During this time, libraries and the Bait al-Hikma (House of Knowledge), where numerous pre-Islamic texts from Greece, Mesopotamia, and India were studied and translated, were established in Baghdad, the capital of the Abbasid dynasty (r. 750-1250 CE).
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